As cats grow older, their needs and health requirements begin to change and, just like humans, they require a bit more care and attention to stay comfortable and content. Making a few adjustments at home and staying proactive with their health care can go a long way in improving their quality of life. Here are some helpful tips for caring for a senior cat.
Senior cats are typically defined as those over ten years old and they can easily live to be fifteen to twenty years old. As cats age, their coats often become thinner and their nails thicker. Their irises change colors or develop speckles. They may appear more hunched than in their younger days or more gaunt. They likely move more slowly and sleep more often than in their younger days.
Schedule Regular Vet Visits and Dentals
Senior cats should visit the veterinarian at least twice a year for wellness exams as well as for annual blood work. Aging can bring increased risk for conditions like kidney disease, hyperthyroidism, arthritis, and dental disease. Diagnosing health issues early means you can manage them before they become serious.
Dental problems, such as gum disease and tooth decay often occur more frequently in older cats. Maintaining your cat’s dental health with annual dental cleanings is crucial since oral issues can lead to other medical issues. Brushing your cat's teeth regularly and providing dental treats can also help maintain oral health in between dental cleanings.
Note Any Behavior Changes
Cats are experts at hiding pain and discomfort. Look out for small changes in behavior like sleeping in unusual places or hiding out. Take note of any changes to their grooming habits, any litter box issues, increased vocalization, changes in personality, or decreased appetite. These could be signs that your cat isn’t feeling well.
Change To a Senior-Specific Diet
Senior cats often benefit from a diet that supports joint health, kidney function, and weight management. Cat foods formulated for older cats are designed to meet these needs. Consider talking to your vet about adding supplements like omega-3 fatty acids or joint supplements to their diet.
Keep Them Comfortable
Unfortunately, arthritis and mobility issues are common in older cats. Arthritis in cats occurs mainly in the hips, knees, elbows, and shoulders, which makes it much more difficult and painful to jump. Offer soft bedding, provide easy access to their favorite spots, and consider placing pet stairs or ramps near the couch or bed so they don’t have to jump up. Heated beds or heating pads can also be comforting for stiff joints. Try elevated food and water bowls so your cat can stand and eat if they have joint pain.
Offer an Accessible Litter Box
Make sure the litter box is easy to get in and out of to prevent accidents. Top entry litter boxes or high-sided litter boxes may be too difficult for older cats. Wide boxes with low sides are ideal for older cats with joint pain.
Provide Mental Stimulation
Although senior cats may slow down physically, their minds still need stimulation. Gentle play, cat TV, puzzle feeders, and interactive toys can help keep them mentally sharp. Grooming and cuddle time can also double as bonding and enrichment.
Help Them Groom
Older cats might have trouble grooming themselves due to arthritis or dental problems. Brush them regularly to help prevent mats from forming. Use grooming as an opportunity to check for lumps and bumps or skin changes. Regularly give them nail trims every few weeks. An elderly cat may not use the scratch post anymore so their nails may be sharper or longer than they used to be.
Keep Them Hydrated
Kidney function often declines with age so hydration is extra important. Encourage your cat to drink more water by offering a pet fountain, placing water bowls in multiple locations, offering ice cubes to play with, and feeding wet food rather than kibble.
Monitor Their Weight
Weight loss is a big indicator that a cat is suffering from a medical issue. Keep track of your cat’s weight and note any changes in appetite. Unexplained weight loss can be a sign of thyroid disease, kidney issues, diabetes, or cancer. Conversely, senior cats may gain weight due to decreased activity levels.
With a little extra care, senior cats can live happy, comfortable lives. By making some changes to their environment, diet, and enrichment, you can help ensure your senior cat enjoys peaceful golden years with grace, dignity, and plenty of love.
Love, Nala
